Bibliografia
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Adams JA, Mangino MJ, Bassuk J, Sackner MA. Regional blood flow during periodic acceleration of the human body. J Appl Physiol. 2009;107(6):1823–1827.
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Addorisio ME, Chavan SS, et al. Investigational treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with a vibrotactile device applied to the external ear. Bioelectron Med. 2019;5:4.
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Azevedo RT, et al. The calming effect of a new wearable device during the anticipation of public speech. Sci Rep. 2017;7:2285.
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Bartel LR, Mosabbir A. Possible mechanisms for the effects of sound vibration on human health. Healthcare (Basel). 2021;9(5):597.
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Brady B, Stevens L. Binaural-beat induced theta EEG activity and hypnotic susceptibility. Am J Clin Hypn. 2000;43(1):53–69.
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Cardinale M, Bosco C. The use of vibration as an exercise intervention. Sports Med. 2005;35(1):45–50.
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Coyle JT. Use it or lose it — do effortful mental activities protect against dementia? N Engl J Med. 2003;348(25):2489–2490.
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Duck FA. Physical properties of tissues: a comprehensive reference book. London: Academic Press; 1990.
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Eshuis H, et al. Music and low-frequency vibrations for the treatment of chronic musculoskeletal pain in elderly: a pilot study. Complement Ther Med. 2021;59:102733.
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Fung YC. Biomechanics: mechanical properties of living tissues. 2nd ed. New York: Springer; 1993.
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Gershon MD. The second brain. New York: HarperCollins; 1998.
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Hasselmo ME. Neuromodulation and cortical function: modeling the physiological basis of behavior. Behav Brain Res. 1995;67(1):1–27.
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Humphrey JD, Dufresne ER, Schwartz MA. Mechanotransduction and extracellular matrix homeostasis. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2014;15(12):802–812.
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Ingber DE. Cellular mechanotransduction: putting all the pieces together again. FASEB J. 2006;20(7):811–827.
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Kerschan-Schindl K, Grampp S, Henk C, Resch H, Preisinger E, Fialka-Moser V, et al. Whole-body vibration exercise leads to alterations in muscle blood volume. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2001;82(9):1140–1145.
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King LK, Almeida QJ, Ahonen H. Short-term effects of vibration therapy on motor impairments in Parkinson’s disease. Neurosci Lett. 2009;451(2):122–125.
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Koelsch S. Brain correlates of music-evoked emotions. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2014;15(3):170–180.
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Koopman FA, Chavan SS, Miljko S, Grazio S, Sokolovic S, Schuurman PR, et al. Vagus nerve stimulation inhibits cytokine production and attenuates disease severity. Bioelectron Med. 2016;3(1):21–26.
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Kumar S, Nagendra H, Manjunath N, Naveen KV, Telles S. Neurohemodynamic correlates of ‘OM’ chanting: a pilot functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Int J Yoga. 2010;3(1):3–6.
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Le Scouarnec RP, Poirier RM, Owens JE, Gauthier J, Taylor AG, Foresman PA. Use of binaural beat tapes for treatment of anxiety: a pilot study of tape preference and outcomes. Altern Ther Health Med. 2001;7(1):58–63.
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Lohman EB, Petrofsky JS, Maloney-Hinds C, Betts-Schwab H, Thorpe D. The effect of whole-body vibration on lower extremity skin blood flow in normal subjects. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2007;88(10):1365–1370.
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Melzack R, Wall PD. Pain mechanisms: a new theory. Science. 1965;150(3699):971–979.
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Owens JE, Marsh GR. Binaural auditory beats affect vigilance performance and mood. Physiol Behav. 1998;63(2):249–252.
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Prisby RD, Lafage-Proust MH, Malaval L, Belli A, Vico L. Effects of whole body vibration on the skeleton and other organ systems. Ageing Res Rev. 2008;7(4):319–329.
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Rubin C, Recker R, Cullen D, Ryaby J, McCabe J, McLeod K. Prevention of bone loss by low-level mechanical vibrations. J Bone Miner Res. 2004;19(3):343–351.
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Stevens L, Brady B. Binaural beat induced theta EEG activity and hypnotic susceptibility: contradictory results and technical considerations. Am J Clin Hypn. 2003;45(4):295–309.
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ter Haar G. Therapeutic applications of ultrasound. Prog Biophys Mol Biol. 2007;93(1–3):111–129.
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Tyler WJ, Tufail Y, Finsterwald M, Tauchmann ML, Olson EJ, Majestic C. Remote excitation of neuronal circuits using low-intensity ultrasound. PLoS One. 2008;3(10):e3511.
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Wahbeh H, Calabrese C, Zwickey H. Binaural beat technology in humans: a pilot study to assess psychologic and physiologic effects. J Altern Complement Med. 2007;13(1):25–32.
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Wahbeh H, Calabrese C, Zwickey H, et al. Binaural beat technology in humans: a pilot study to assess neuropsychologic, physiologic, and electroencephalographic effects. J Altern Complement Med. 2007;13(2):199–206.
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Bianchetti A, Trabucchi M. Alzheimer. Bologna: Il Mulino; 2010.
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Tuis RT. 432 Hz. La rivoluzione musicale. Nuova ed. Roma: Mediterranee; 2018.
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Effetti Fisiologici delle Frequenze Sonore e della Vibrazione Meccanica sul Corpo Umano
Meccanotrasduzione
Definizione
La meccanotrasduzione è il processo mediante il quale stimoli meccanici vengono convertiti in segnali biochimici.
Le vibrazioni sonore attivano:
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Canali ionici meccanosensibili
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Integrine
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Citoscheletro
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Recettori cellulari
Risultato:
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Modificazione dell'espressione genica
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Attivazione enzimatica
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Attivazione mitocondriale
Fonte primaria:
Ingber DE (2006)
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.febslet.2006.06.030
Effetti sulla Membrana Cellulare
Le vibrazioni producono:
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Aumento permeabilità
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Attivazione canali calcio
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Modulazione potenziale di membrana
Studio:
Tyler WJ (2008)
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0003511
Link:
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0003511
Effetti sui Mitocondri
Le vibrazioni aumentano:
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Produzione ATP
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Efficienza respiratoria
Studio:
Lohman EB (2007)
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2006.11.012
Attivazione cerebrale
Studio fMRI:
Koelsch S (2014)
https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn3666
Link:
https://www.nature.com/articles/nrn3666
Risultati:
Attivazione di:
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Amigdala
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Ippocampo
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Corteccia prefrontale
Effetti sul Dolore
Le vibrazioni attivano:
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Fibre A-beta
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Inibizione fibre nocicettive
Teoria:
Gate Control Theory
Fonte:
Melzack R, Wall PD (1965)
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.150.3699.971
Link:
https://science.sciencemag.org/content/150/3699/971
Effetti su Muscoli
Effetti:
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Aumento forza
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Attivazione neuromuscolare
Studio:
Cardinale M (2005)
https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200535010-00003
Link:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15651912/
Effetti su Osso
Stimolazione osteoblasti
Studio:
Rubin C (2001)
https://doi.org/10.1097/00003086-200110000-00003
Link:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11568204/
Effetti sul Cervello
Studio clinico:
King LK (2009)
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2009.06.023
Link:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19560545/
Risultati:
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Miglioramento movimento
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Riduzione rigidità
Frequenze Specifiche e Risonanza
Ogni tessuto ha frequenze di risonanza.
Fonte:
Fung YC.
Biomechanics: Mechanical Properties of Living Tissues.
Link:
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2257-4
Ultrasuoni (Prova diretta degli effetti del suono sui tessuti)
Uso medico consolidato.
Fonte:
FDA Ultrasound Guidance
Link:
https://www.fda.gov/radiation-emitting-products/medical-imaging/ultrasound-imaging
Neuroplasticità
Ingber DE (2006)
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.febslet.2006.06.030
Tyler WJ (2008)
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0003511
Lohman EB (2007)
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2006.11.012
Parkinson
1. Thaut MH et al., 1996
Rhythmic auditory stimulation in gait training for Parkinson’s disease patients
Movement Disorders
Thaut MH, McIntosh GC, Rice RR, Miller RA, Rathbun J, Brault JM.
Mov Disord. 1996;11(2):193-200.
DOI: 10.1002/mds.870110213
Studio storico che ha introdotto formalmente la Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation (RAS) in PD.
2. Nombela C et al., 2013
Into the groove: Can rhythm influence Parkinson's disease?
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2013;37(10):2564-2570.
DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.08.003
Revisione neurofisiologica sul meccanismo di entrainment ritmico nei gangli della base.
3. Spaulding SJ et al., 2013
Cueing and gait improvement among people with Parkinson's disease: A meta-analysis
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2013;94(3):562-570.
DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2012.10.026
Meta-analisi su cueing uditivo, visivo e somatosensoriale.
4. Calabrò RS et al., 2019
Music-based rehabilitation in Parkinson’s disease: A randomized controlled trial
Journal of Neurology
J Neurol. 2019;266:1218-1228.
DOI: 10.1007/s00415-019-09234-0
RCT su riabilitazione motoria con stimolazione musicale ritmica.
5. Benoit CE et al., 2014
Musical rhythm entrains movement in Parkinson’s disease
PLoS ONE
PLoS One. 2014;9(3):e89942.
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089942
Studio sperimentale su sincronizzazione motoria e ritmo.
6. Calvano A et al., 2023
Binaural beat stimulation in Parkinson’s disease: A double-blind study
Frontiers in Neurology
Front Neurol. 2023;14:1167006.
DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1167006
Studio su stimolazione binaurale in gamma band (~40 Hz).